How to File a Home Insurance Claim: A Simple Walkthrough
A burst pipe, storm damage or a break-in is stressful enough without guessing how a claim works. Here is the usual order of steps for a home insurance claim and the questions worth asking. Your policy wording and state rules decide the details.
1. Prevent further damage
Most policies expect you to take reasonable steps to stop damage getting worse, such as shutting off water, covering a damaged roof or boarding a broken window. Keep receipts for any emergency work.
2. Document everything
- Photos and video of the damage before cleaning up
- A list of damaged items with approximate age and value
- Receipts, manuals or photos that show what you owned
- A police report for theft or vandalism
3. Report the claim
Contact your insurer or agent as soon as you reasonably can. Have your policy number, the date of the loss and your documentation ready. Ask what your deductible is and whether a separate deductible applies, for example for wind or hail in some states.
4. The adjuster's visit
- An adjuster inspects the damage and estimates the repair cost
- You can get your own contractor estimates to compare
- Ask how the insurer values items: replacement cost or actual cash value, which deducts depreciation
5. Additional living expenses
If a covered loss makes the home unlivable, many policies help with extra costs such as a hotel or rental. Ask what is covered, for how long and what receipts are needed.
6. Settlement and repairs
The insurer pays the covered amount minus your deductible. Some policies pay in stages, with part held back until repairs are complete. Read the settlement letter carefully and ask about anything unclear.
What home insurance often does not cover
Flood and earthquake usually need separate policies, and normal wear and tear is generally excluded. Knowing this before a loss avoids surprises.
Questions
Will a claim raise my premium?
It can, depending on the insurer, the type of claim and your claims history. Ask your agent.
Can I choose my own contractor?
Often yes, but check your policy and ask the insurer before work begins.
What if I disagree with the adjuster?
Ask for a review, provide your own estimates, and check whether your policy has an appraisal process. Your state insurance department can also explain your options.
General information only, not financial, legal or insurance advice. Rules, prices and benefits vary by state and by policy. A licensed professional can explain what applies to you.